One Health Publications

University of Pennsylvania (USA) NEWS

https://news.upenn.edu/news/penn-vet-library-exhibit-explores-human-animal-connection-through-art

Penn Vet Library Exhibit Explores the Human-Animal Connection Through Art

Katherine Unger Baillie | kbaillie@upenn.edu | 215-898-9194

Monday, April 10, 2017

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal

Survey of Treponemal Infections in Free-Ranging and Captive Macaques, 1999–2012

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/23/5/16-1838_article

Klegarth AR, Ezeonwu CA, Rompis A, Lee B, Aggimarangsee N, Chalise M, et al. Survey of Treponemal Infections in Free-Ranging and Captive Macaques, 1999–2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(5):816-819. https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2305.161838

Abstract

Survey results showed treponemal infection among pet macaques in Southeast Asia, a region with a high prevalence of human yaws. This finding, along with studies showing treponemal infection in nonhuman primates in Africa, should encourage a One Health approach to yaws eradication and surveillance activities, possibly including monitoring of nonhuman primates in yaws-endemic regions.

Yaws, an endemic tropical disease distinguished by bone and skin lesions, is caused by infection with Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue treponemes. Successful yaws treatment campaigns during 1950–1965 were followed by a resurgence of disease, and the World Health Organization (WHO) consequently mounted a yaws eradication campaign (1). Although the agent of yaws is spread among humans via direct contact, research has shown that nonhuman primates (NHPs) may serve as mammalian host reservoirs with the potential for zoonotic transmission (2). Successful eradication campaigns depend on there being no reservoir shielding the agent from eradication efforts; thus, the role that NHPs play in yaws among humans must be determined (3).

African Old World primates (OWPs) can be infected by T. pallidum and exhibit symptoms of yaws (2). Of note, the Treponema Fribourg-Blanc strain (isolated from a baboon in western Africa in 1966) exhibits remarkable genetic similarity to strains that cause yaws in humans (4) and in experiments, was shown capable of infecting humans (5). More recently, studies focusing on treponemal infections among NHPs in eastern Africa and the Republic of Congo showed that the NHP geographic range overlaps considerably with areas having a formerly high prevalence of yaws in humans (2).

Macaques (Macaca spp.), OWPs native to Asia and northern Africa, are susceptible to and have been experimentally infected with T. pallidum (6). After the initial WHO eradication efforts, yaws was believed to be largely eliminated from countries of mainland Asia, although reporting and active case detection have not been uniform throughout the region (7). Several island nations in Asia, however, continue to report active human yaws cases (8,9).

Macaques, the most widely distributed and numerous NHPs in the world, are sympatric with humans throughout Asia, thriving in human-altered environments and commonly kept as pets. To further characterize the role NHPs might play in the maintenance of T. pallidum subspecies, we screened an extensive archive of serum samples collected from free-ranging and captive macaques

http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/14/4/386

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14(4), 386; doi:10.3390/ijerph14040386

Antibiotic Resistance in an Indian Rural Community: A ‘One-Health’ Observational Study on Commensal Coliform from Humans, Animals, and Water

 (This article belongs to the Section Environment Health)

View Full-Text   |   Download PDF [1082 KB, uploaded 6 April 2017]   

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are an escalating grim menace to global public health. Our aim is to phenotype and genotype antibiotic-resistant commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) from humans, animals, and water from the same community with a ‘one-health’ approach. The samples were collected from a village belonging to demographic surveillance site of Ruxmaniben Deepchand (R.D.) Gardi Medical College Ujjain, Central India. Commensal coliforms from stool samples from children aged 1–3 years and their environment (animals, drinking water from children's households, common source- and waste-water) were studied for antibiotic susceptibility and plasmid-encoded resistance genes. E. coli isolates from human (n = 127), animal (n = 21), waste- (n = 12), source- (n = 10), and household drinking water (n = 122) carried 70%, 29%, 41%, 30%, and 30% multi-drug resistance, respectively. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers were 57% in human and 23% in environmental isolates. Co-resistance was frequent in penicillin, cephalosporin, and quinolone. Antibiotic-resistance genes bla_CTX-M-9 and qnrS were most frequent. Group D-type isolates with resistance genes were mainly from humans and wastewater. Colistin resistance, or the mcr-1 gene, was not detected. The frequency of resistance, co-resistance, and resistant genes are high and similar in coliforms from humans and their environment. This emphasizes the need to mitigate antibiotic resistance with a ‘one-health’ approach. View Full-Text

Worth revisiting...

One Health ‘MedMyst Magazine’ – An Important Unique Educational Publication to assist young people with their early education

Produced by Rice University Center for Technology in Teaching and Learning, Houston, Texas (USA) in partnership with Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases at The University of Texas Medical Branch. Galveston, Texas.

Please see http://www.onehealthinitiative.com/publications/MagDiseaseDiscovery.pdf

Also please explore http://medmyst.rice.edu (many other excellent programs offered for young people).

Copyright 2010 Center for Technology in Teaching and Learning.

See http://us15.campaign-archive1.com/?u=01b0a202edc1303de8f182472&id=ec8238de60&e=49188b2102

3 0 M A R C H 2 0 1 7, VO L 5 4 3, N AT U R E | S 4 7

 The one-health way

The health of animals, humans and the environment will be better served by breaking down barriers, says Laura H. Kahn [MD, MPH, MPP]  

SEE: http://rdcu.be/qtiO

Dr. Kahn, a physician, is a founding member of the One Health Initiative Autonomous pro bono team (April 2006 to date) and One Health Initiative website (October 2008  to date – www.onehealthinitiative.com)

An important new book publication...

“...we highlight One Health in the book as a critical element of our necessary public health priorities. In fact, I make the incorporation of a One Health approach as a point in our crisis agenda. Hopefully we can continue to advance this very important priority.”

    --March 21, 2017: Michael T. Osterholm, PhD, MPH--

Deadliest Enemy: Our War Against Killer Germs

by Michael T. Osterholm (Author), Mark Olshaker (Author)

SEE: https://www.amazon.com/Deadliest-Enemy-Against-Killer-Germs/dp/0316343692/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1490103640&sr=8-1&keywords=osterholm

Note: Dr. Osterholm http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/about-us/cidrap-staff/michael-t-osterholm-phd-mph is a member of the One Health Initiative Team’s Advisory Board http://www.onehealthinitiative.com/advBoard.php.

A notable One Health textbook publication...

The Principles and Practice of Q Fever: The One Health Paradigm

SEE https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=60886&osCsid= and https://www.amazon.com/Principles-Practice-Fever-Health-Paradigm/dp/1536108510.

Major Global Health Influences:

Important World Veterinary Association (WVA) One Health Policy Statements and others...

http://www.worldvet.org/library.php?view=overview&cat=6 and http://www.worldvet.org/library.php?view=overview&cat=1