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Vet. Sci. 2015, 2(3), 210-230; doi:10.3390/vetsci2030210

Comparative Aspects of Osteosarcoma Pathogenesis in Humans and Dogs

Timothy M. Fan, DVM, PhD http://illinois.edu/ds/search?search_type=userid&search=t-fan&skinId=333  and Chand Khanna, DVM, PhD https://ccr.cancer.gov/chand-khanna  

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¹ Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Comparative Oncology Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61820, USA ² Tumor and Metastasis Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Clinical Research, The National Cancer Institute, Washington, DC 20004, USA

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Published:  August 17, 2015

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Comparative Pathogenesis of Cancers in Animals and Humans)

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Abstract

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary and aggressive bone sarcoma affecting the skeleton of two principal species, human beings and canines. The biologic behavior of OS is conserved between people and dogs, and evidence suggests that fundamental discoveries in OS biology can be facilitated through detailed and comparative studies. In particular, the relative genetic homogeneity associated with specific dog breeds can provide opportunities to facilitate the discovery of key genetic drivers involved in OS pathogenesis, which, to-date, remain elusive. In this review, known causative factors that predispose to the development OS in human beings and dogs are summarized in detail. Based upon the commonalities shared in OS pathogenesis, it is likely that foundational discoveries in one species will be translationally relevant to the other and emphasizes the unique opportunities that might be gained through comparative scientific approaches.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.