One Health Publications

  Emerging Infectious Disease Leads to Rapid Population Declines of Common British Birds. PLoS ONE 5(8): e12215. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012215 Robinson RA, Lawson B, Toms MP, Peck KM, Kirkwood JK, et al. (2010) ABSTRACT: Emerging infectious diseases are increasingly cited as threats to wildlife, livestock and humans alike. They can threaten geographically isolated or critically endangered wildlife populations; however, relatively few studies have clearly demonstrated the extent to which emerging diseases can impact populations of common wildlife species. Here, we report the impact of an emerging protozoal disease on British populations of greenfinch Carduelis chloris and chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, two of the most common birds in Britain. Morphological and molecular analyses showed this to be due to Trichomonas gallinae. Trichomonosis emerged as a novel fatal disease of finches in Britain in 2005 and rapidly became epidemic within greenfinch, and to a lesser extent chaffinch, populations in 2006. By 2007, breeding populations of greenfinches and chaffinches in the geographic region of highest disease incidence had decreased by 35% and 21% respectively, representing mortality in excess of half a million birds. In contrast, declines were less pronounced or absent in these species in regions where the disease was found in intermediate or low incidence. Also, populations of dunnock Prunella modularis, which similarly feeds in gardens, but in which T. gallinae was rarely recorded, did not decline. This is the first trichomonosis epidemic reported in the scientific literature to negatively impact populations of free-ranging non-columbiform species, and such levels of mortality and decline due to an emerging infectious disease are unprecedented in British wild bird populations. This disease emergence event demonstrates the potential for a protozoan parasite to jump avian host taxonomic groups with dramatic effect over a short time period. Read more: http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0012215

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 33, 19 August 2010   Surveillance and outbreak reports   Value of syndromic surveillance in monitoring a focal waterborne outbreak due to an unusual Cryptosporidium genotype in Northamptonshire, United Kingdom, June - July 2008   http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19643   S Smith 1, A J Elliot1, C Mallaghan2, D Modha3, J Hippisley-Cox4, S Large5, M Regan6, G E Smith1  

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 33, 19 August 2010 Surveillance and outbreak reports   Laboratory-based surveillance for Cryptosporidium in France, 2006–2009     http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19642  

One Health Brochure Available via PDF Attached   Features two informative One Health articles:   ·                          “One Health Initiative Interview” with Laura H. Kahn, MD, MPH, MPP ·                          Feature and Interview with The Jenner Vaccine Foundation Leaders – “Rethinking vaccination”   Published in International Innovation: June 2010 Healthcare Issue   Please see the link below…  http://www.research-europe.com/index.php/2010/07/dr-laura-kahn-on-the-one-health-initiative/   Note: The entire magazine may also be viewed via the following link  http://www.research-europe.com/magazine/HEALTHCARE/JUN10/pageflip.html   You may register on the Research Media website to gain full access to the entire publication, this is free and quick with your registration being approved within 24 hours.   “International Innovation is the leading global dissemination resource for the wider scientific, technology and research communities. Produced under four titles, each title serves a key scientific area that is of particular relevance in today’s global environment.” Click the link below to complete the online form to subscribe to the printed magazine.Research Media Subscription Form or http://www.research-europe.com/subscribe.php

Bovine Veterinarian - 8/13/2010 Conventional Beef Is Sustainable Beef   Beef animals from conventional feedlots that use growth-enhancing technologies and grain-based rations are three times more land-efficient than grass-fed or organic animals, an Iowa State University study found. An analysis using data from 2007 also indicated that discontinuing the use of growth-enhancing technologies would lead to an 18% reduction in U.S. beef production.   Read more: http://www.bovinevetonline.com/newsCN.asp?contentid=1206246                                              • The world population is estimated to reach 9 billion by the middle of the 21st century.• The global demand for food will double by 2050 and there will continue to be increased per-capita demand for beef and other high-quality animal protein.• Worldwide, we have a limited land area on which to produce food, feed and fiber.• It is critical that we continue to conserve natural and biodiverse natural habitats.

Commentary Paleoclimate and bubonic plague: a forewarning of future risk? Anthony J McMichael National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Building 62, Mills Road, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia BMC Biology 010, 8:108doi:10.1186/1741-7007-8-108 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/108  Received: 23 August 2010 Accepted: 25 August 2010 Published: 27 August 2010 © 2010 McMichael; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Pandemics of bubonic plague have occurred in Eurasia since the sixth century AD. Climatic variations in Central Asia affect the population size and activity of the plague bacteriums reservoir rodent species, influencing the probability of human infection. Using innovative time-series analysis of surrogate climate records spanning 1,500 years, a study in BMC Biology concludes that climatic fluctuations may have influenced these pandemics. This has potential implications for health risks from future climate change. See research article http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/112 webcite

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 33, 19 August 2010 News Report published on factors contributing to the spread of Campylobacter in the European Union Eurosurveillance editorial team ( )1 1.        European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recently published a report on factors that may contribute to the spread of Campylobacter in live chickens and chicken carcasses. The findings of the report [1], based on an European Union (EU)-wide survey [2] will provide the basis for further work by scientific experts to investigate further how Campylobacter-contaminated chicken meat affects the levels of human campylobacteriosis. READ MORE: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19641

Vetsweb.com - 24 Aug 2010   A good One Health idea for Veterinary Medicine borrowed from human medical research? Viral inhibitors: an additional tool to control classical swine fever http://www.vetsweb.com/background/viral-inhibitors-an-additional-tool-to-control-classical-swine-fever-1384.html

The Summer issue of the One Health Newsletter is now posted online.    http://www.doh.state.fl.us/Environment/medicine/One_Health/OneHealth.html

Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal – U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Volume 16, Number 8–August 2010 Conference Summary One Health Approach to Influenza: Assessment of Critical Issues and Options1 Thomas F. Powdrill, Terry L. Nipp, and Jennifer L. Rinderknecht Author affiliation: Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA A task force of experts on influenza, public health, and animal health met at the conference One Health Approach to Influenza: Assessment of Critical Issues and Options in Washington, DC, on December 1–2, 2009. These experts discussed the role of the One Health approach in preparing for and responding to an influenza pandemic or other emerging zoonotic disease by using pandemic (H1N1) 2009 as a case study. The meeting was convened by the US Department of Homeland Security National Center for Foreign Animal and Zoonotic Disease Defense, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Institutes of Health Western Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases. The One Health concept is the realization that human, animal, and environmental health are interrelated. In practice, it is imperative to implement a One Health approach to high-consequence zoonotic diseases. Although pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus has primarily affected humans (with some documented human-to-animal transmission), the genesis of this circulating human virus involved reassortment of viral genomic segments from human, porcine, and avian influenza virus lineages. The task force focused on 4 topics: 1) epidemiology and surveillance, 2) transmission dynamics, 3) immunobiology and vaccines, and 4) molecular approaches and pathobiology.  READ MORE: http://www.cdc.gov/eid/content/16/8/e1.htm

“Cooperation between animal and human health sectors is key to the detection, surveillance, and control of emerging disease”: IMED 2007 meeting in Vienna, February 2007.   Eurosurveillance, Volume 11, Issue 51, 21 December 2006   By Larry Madoff, MD      Editor, ProMED-mail      Associate Professor of Medicine      Harvard Medical School      Boston, MA   http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=3101 Regrettably, despite this knowledge, and many dramatic recent examples such as Ebola virus, Lyme disease and SARS, the worlds of veterinary medicine and human health, including public health, remain quite separate. Schools and other training institutions, healthcare facilities, NGOs, public health agencies at all administrative levels, professional and scientific organisations, and journals nearly all remain segregated by their interests in either human medical or veterinary medical health. One of the rare examples that consistently deals with both is ProMED-mail...  August 19, 2010   John (Jack) Woodall, PhD, Director (retd.)Nucleus for the Investigation of Emerging Infectious Diseases Institute of Medical Biochemistry Center for Health Sciences Federal University Rio de Janeiro, Brazil   Dr. Woodall, a viral epidemiologist, is a co-founder and associate editor of ProMED-mail, the outbreak early warning system online of the Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases of the International Society for Infectious Diseases. He became the contents manager/editor of the ProMED-mail section in the Kahn-Kaplan-Monath-Woodall One Health Initiative website http://www.onehealthinitiative.com in February 2009.

PloS Pathogens – Open Access   Citation: Yamada S, Hatta M, Staker BL, Watanabe S, Imai M, et al. (2010) Biological and Structural Characterization of a Host-Adapting Amino Acid in Influenza Virus. PLoS Pathog 6(8): e1001034. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001034   Biological and Structural Characterization of a Host-Adapting Amino Acid in Influenza Virus Author Summary Influenza viruses that originate from avian species likely have to acquire adapting amino acid changes to replicate efficiently in mammals. Two amino acid changes in the polymerase PB2 protein—a glutamic acid to lysine change at position 627 or an aspartic acid to asparagine change at position 701—are known to allow influenza viruses of avian origin to replicate efficiently in mammals. Interestingly, the pandemic H1N1 viruses (which possess an avian-like PB2 gene) do not encode the ‘human-type’ amino acids PB2-627K and PB2-701N. Here, we report that a basic amino acid at position 591 of PB2 can compensate for the lack of PB2-627K and allows efficient replication of highly pathogenic H5N1 and pandemic H1N1 viruses in mammalian species. We also present the X-ray crystal structure of the C-terminal portion of a pandemic H1N1 PB2 protein. The basic amino acid at position 591 fills a distinctive cleft found in the PB2 proteins of H5N1 viruses. We also speculate on the biological significance of the altered surface of the H1N1 PB2 protein.  READ MORE: http://www.plospathogens.org/article/infodoi10.1371journal.ppat.1001034

  Veterinaria Italiana Journal 2010 – Volume 46(2), April-June   Emerging diseases and implications for Millennium Development Goals in Africa by 2015 – an overview   Tagang Aluwong & Mohammed Bello     http://www.izs.it/vet_italiana/2010/46_2/137.htm

REMINDER:   1st International One Health Congress February 2011   Victoria, Australia   Registration Now Open and Available online - See Attached Brochure for Details:   http://www.onehealth2011.com/email/index2.htm

Prominent USA One Health Advocates *Laura H. Kahn, MD, MPH, MPP, James H. Steele, DVM, MPH, and Roger K. Mahr, DVM at American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Convention – Atlanta, GA (USA), July 31 – August 3, 2010 *Please see attached photo: Veterinarian Dr. James H. Steele (seated), among many other achievements in public health, is credited with establishing the veterinary public health division of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and was instrumental in the founding of the American Veterinary Epidemiology Society (AVES).  As previously reported, Dr. Laura H. Kahn (standing to the left), a noted physician who works as a research scholar in the Program on Science and Global Security in the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey (USA) was awarded an honorary AVES diploma.  Dr. Kahn is internationally known for her numerous One Health publications.  She is a popular and sought after public speaker on the subject.    Veterinarian Dr. Roger K. Mahr, a former AVMA President and currently the CEO of the One Health Commission (USA) was also presented with an honorary AVES diploma (standing to the right).  

ANNOUNCEMENT AND INVITATION - One Health Bangladesh   8th Annual Scientific Conference of the Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU)   “Networking for Promoting Change Towards One World One Health”   Please see attachment for details

Notable One Health Advocates *Drs. Paul L. Nicoletti and Lisa A. Conti Receive Prestigious Awards at American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Convention – Atlanta, GA (USA), July 31 – August 3, 2010 Paul L. Nicoletti, DVM, MS, Professor emeritus, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine received the Karl F. Meyer—James H. Steele Gold Head Cane Award, for advancing human health through veterinary epidemiology and public health at the 147th AVMA annual convention in Atlanta, GA (USA).  Dr. Nicoletti was credited for contributing to the control of brucellosis working for the U.S. Department of Agriculture and United Nations as well as the University of Florida.   Lisa A. Conti, DVM, MPH, Director, Florida Department of Health’s Division of Environmental Health received the AVMA Public Service Award.  Dr. Conti was noted for working with various groups in Florida to protect the public from diseases mediated through environmental processes and serving as Floridas state public health veterinarian and teaching pathobiology at the University of Floridas College of Veterinary Medicine.  She was also awarded an honorary Diploma from the American Veterinary Epidemiology Society (AVES).  The Diploma is for “Distinguished Service and Contribution to the progress of public health.  Her efforts and vision, compassion and understanding, desire and energy, have advanced Veterinary Public Health and research.  Her counsel and advice have been of great value to her country.” -*Please see attached photo of Drs. Nicoletti and Conti while attending the convention-

Laura H. Kahn, MD, MPH, MPP Receives Honorary Diploma from Thé American Veterinary Epidemiology Society   August 3, 2010 – Atlanta, GA … Dr. Laura H. Kahn was awarded an honorary Diploma from The American Veterinary Epidemiology Society (AVES) at the 147th American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Annual Convention.   The Diploma is for “Distinguished Service and Contribution to the progress of public health.  Her efforts and vision, compassion and understanding, desire and energy, have advanced Veterinary Public Health and research.  Her counsel and advice have been of great value to her country.”   Dr. Kahn is a prominent international authority and spokesperson for the One Health concept.  She has published numerous articles on the subject and is a widely sought after speaker.     Please see photo attached: Dr. Kahn is being presented the award by the current President of AVES, George W. Beran, DVM, PhD.  Dr. Beran is a distinguished Professor and zoonotic disease expert at the College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.  

SiFy NEWS   Cutting fat, calories ‘can reduce cancer risk in dogs and humans’   July 24, 2010   A new research has revealed that as many as 1 out of 3 cancer deaths in both humans and dogs could be prevented by reducing Omega-6 fatty acids and cutting calories.  READ MORE:   http://sify.com/news/cutting-fat-calories-can-reduce-cancer-risk-in-dogs-and-humans-news-international-khyp4dgefjj.html

    U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) -  Morbidity and Mortality Report   December 24, 2004 /53(50);1171-1173 Recovery of a Patient from Clinical Rabies --- Wisconsin, 2004 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5350a1.htm