One Health Publications

Pandemic influenza control in Europe and the constraints resulting from incoherent public health laws   Robyn Martin1 , Alexandra Conseil2 , Abie Longstaff1 , Jimmy Kodo1 , Joachim Siegert3 , Anne-Marie Duguet4 , Paula Lobato de Faria5 , George Haringhuizen6 , Jaime Espin7 and Richard Coker2   Published 3 September 2010 1  Centre for Research in Primary and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK 2  Communicable Diseases Policy Research Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK 3  Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstraße 13 01069 Dresden, Germany 4  INSERM 558 Unit/Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, 3 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Toulouse, France 5  Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal 6  National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Disease Control, RIVM, Ant. van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands 7  Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (Andalusian School of Public Health) Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 4 Apdo de correos 2.070 Granada 18080, Spain     BMC Public Health 2010, 10:532doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-532 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/532   © 2010 Martin et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/532    

One Health Initiative Website team Joins U.S. National Vet2011 Committee In the spirit of “One Health”, the One Health Initiative website team, composed of two physicians, a veterinarian and a research scientist, has happily accepted an invitation from the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) to join the U.S. National Vet2011 committee, in order to participate in a collaborative global effort to organize and celebrate—World Veterinary Year/2011—the 250th year since the founding of veterinary medicine in Lyon, France.  The veterinary medical profession (worldwide) has played and continues to play a crucial role in achieving implementation of One Health principles including advancement of more expeditious, efficacious public health practices, biomedical research and protecting the environment and biodiversity. The AVMA is heading the United States National “Vet2011 Committee” http://vet2011.org/en_about3.php.  To date, there are 23 members http://www.avma.org/Vet2011/Vet2011_MemberOrgs.asp of the U.S. National Vet2011 Committee.  Please see what it is all about http://vet2011.org/about.php.

  A product of the Florida Department of Health (USA), Division of Environmental Health   Editor: Mary Echols, DVM, MPH    http://www.doh.state.fl.us/Environment/medicine/One_Health/OneHealth.html

Q&A: H1N1 pandemic influenza - whats new?   Stephen J Turner1 , Peter C Doherty1,2 and Anne Kelso3 1  Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia 2  Department of Immunology, St Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 332 Nth Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105, USA 3  WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, 10 Wreckyn Street, North Melbourne, Victoria, 3051, Australia BMC Biology 2010, 8:130doi:10.1186/1741-7007-8-130 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/130 Published October 11, 2010 © 2010 Turner et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/130 Note:  Peter Doherty, BVetMed, PhD, a veterinarian/immunologist and his co-Nobelist Rolf Zinkernagel, MD, PhD, a physician/immunologist were awarded the 1996 Nobel prize for physiology or medicine.  Both Drs. Doherty and Zinkernagel are longstanding One Health supporters (see http://www.onehealthinitiative.com/endorsements.php).    Dr. Doherty will be giving the Keynote address at the 1st International One Health Congress http://www.onehealth2011.com/ , Human Health, Animal Health, the Environment and Global Survival, in Victoria, Australia, February 14-16, 2011.    

Rabies in the Americas Meetings (1990 – 2010) – next in San Juan, October 2011   Please See:  www.rabiesintheamericas.org   “The Rabies in the Americas (RITA) meeting is an annual event that has been held since 1990. It has been hosted in many countries across the Americas. For many years, RITA has grown in popularity and prominence with delegates now coming from more than 20 countries across five continents. The meeting provides an opportunity for researchers, health professionals [physicians, veterinarians, health scientists etc.], international, national and local managers of rabies programs, wildlife biologists, laboratory personnel and other people interested in advancing knowledge of rabies surveillance, prevention and control, to meet each other, to share their successes and also to discuss the challenges to be met.” …   Other important websites to visit: www.worldrabiesday.org;  www.rabiescontrol.net;  www.rabiesfree.org;  www.cdc.gov/rabies;  www.who.int/rabies/en/;  www.rabiesblueprint.com   Information provided by:   *Robert E. Dedmon, MD, MPH, FACP, FACOEM Theda Clark Medical Center, Neenah, WI 54956 Clinical Professor Population Health-Public Health Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Member Editorial Advisory Board, Asian Biomedicine,Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 333 Park Drive Neenah, Wisconsin 54956-2875   * “RITA XXI is 21st Rabies in The Americas MEETING-1990-2010 next mtg in San Juan-October 2011.  Actually it is broader with people from China, Africa, Iran, Europe, in addition to the Americas.  Many good papers, bright young people, and of utmost importance, ONE HEALTH (UNA SALUD!) was expressed both explicitly and implicitly throughout the week!”, said Dr. Dedmon.

PHFI (Public Health Foundation of India) Launches a New Website on Zoonoses   ”The Public Health Foundation of India was set up in March 2006 as a publicprivate partnership that collaboratively evolved through consultations withmultiple government and private organisations. It was set up in response toredress the limited institutional capacity in India for strengtheningtraining, research and policy development in the area of public health. TheFoundation focuses on broad dimensions of public health that encompasspromotive, preventive and therapeutic services, many of which are frequentlylost sight of in policy planning and popular understanding.”   For more information see website:http://www.phfi.org/zoonoses

One Health in ACTION – 2nd Article in Tuberculosis Series   Human tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis in the United States, Latin America and the Caribbean   By de Kantor I N,  LoBue P A, Thoen C O.  [Dr. Isabel de Kantor is a PhD; Dr. Philip LoBue is a physician; and Dr. Charles Thoen is a veterinarian]   [Serialised article. Tuberculosis: a re-emerging disease in animals and humans. Number 3 in the series]    http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iuatld/ijtld/2010/00000014/00000011/art00003 or directly to the pdf http://docstore.ingenta.com/cgi-bin/ds_deliver/1/u/d/ISIS/59172528.1/iuatld/ijtld/2010/00000014/00000011/art00003/B18398FF23C661B012873887676840D4A8D74F1D28.pdf?link=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/error/delivery&format=pdf   Provided by: Clare Pierard | Managing EditorInternational Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IJTLD)International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease68, boulevard Saint-Michel | 75006 Paris | France Tel: (+33) 1 44 32 03 60 | Fax: (+33) 1 43 29 90 83CPierard@theunion.org | journal@theunion.org | www.theunion.orghttp://www.ingentaconnect.com/journals/browse/iuatld/ijtld      

One Health in ACTION:   Tuberculosis in humans and its epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment in the United States.   By LoBue P A, Enarson D A, Thoen T C. [Drs. LoBue and Enarson are physicians and Dr. Thoen is a veterinarian]    [Serialised article. Tuberculosis: a re-emerging disease in animals and humans. Number 2 in the series].   http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iuatld/ijtld/2010/00000014/00000010/art00003 or directly to the pdf http://docstore.ingenta.com/cgi-bin/ds_deliver/1/u/d/ISIS/59079724.1/iuatld/ijtld/2010/00000014/00000010/art00003/98AD5921E923C679128691907279B9992734719843.pdf?link=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/error/delivery&format=pdf   Provided by: Clare Pierard | Managing EditorInternational Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IJTLD)International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease68, boulevard Saint-Michel | 75006 Paris | France Tel: (+33) 1 44 32 03 60 | Fax: (+33) 1 43 29 90 83CPierard@theunion.org | journal@theunion.org | www.theunion.orghttp://www.ingentaconnect.com/journals/browse/iuatld/ijtld

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 34, 26 August 2010   Case report: West-Nile virus infection in two Dutch travellers returning from Israel N Aboutaleb1, M FC Beersma2, H F Wunderink3, A CTM Vossen3, L G Visser1 1.       Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands 2.       Department of Virology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands 3.       Department of Virology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands We report about West Nile virus (WNV) infections in a symptomatic traveller returning from Israel and in her asymptomatic travel companion. Knowledge of the current epidemiological situation in Israel from where WNV cases were reported recently enabled a rapid diagnosis. The described cases serve as a reminder for physicians to consider WNV in the diagnosis of patients returning from areas with potential circulation of the virus. Read More: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19649  

  vetsweb.com Virginia Tech Professor [veterinarian] discovers new TB pathogen Oct 4 2010 Kathleen Alexander [DVM, PhD], associate professor of wildlife in Virginia Techs College of Natural Resources and Environment, discovered a novel tuberculosis (TB) species in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. …   Read more: http://www.vetsweb.com/news/virginia-tech-professor-discovers-new-tb-pathogen-1497.html   “Dr. Alexanders main research deals with the human – biodiversity interface at the individual as well as population and landscape levels. She is using a multidisciplinary approach to increase our ability to manage and maintain healthy ecosystems that support both biodiversity and human populations. The focal areas of her research are the human biodiversity interface as related to either infectious diseases or ecosystem management. She is examining changes in human health in Africa as related to emerging infectious diseases with the goal of understanding pathogens and processes of change in multi-host ecosystems. In addition, she is identifying the spatial and temporal dynamics of human-wildlife conflict at the landscape level using remote sensing and modeling to identify the predicative determinants and processes that shape species distribution and conflict incidence.”  Please see http://www.fishwild.vt.edu/faculty/alexander.htm.

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 34, 26 August 2010   Editorials   West Nile virus: the need to strengthen preparedness in Europe H Zeller1, A Lenglet1, W Van Bortel1 1.       European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden Citation style for this article: Zeller H, Lenglet A, Van Bortel W. West Nile virus: the need to strengthen preparedness in Europe. Euro Surveill. 2010;15(34):pii=19647. Available online: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19647 “The ongoing outbreak of West Nile virus (WNV) infections in humans in Greece described in this issue of Eurosurveillance is a timely reminder that WNV is a re-emerging pathogen in Europe [1]. So far, WNV has been documented in animals and humans in several countries across Europe, mainly in central Europe and in the Mediterranean region. Over the last 15 years, outbreaks in horses and/or humans were reported from Romania, Hungary and Portugal, Spain, France, Italy and Greece [2]. “  …   READ MORE: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19647

 Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 34, 26 August 2010   Ongoing outbreak of West Nile virus infections in humans in Greece, July -  August 2010 A Papa1, K Danis, A Baka2, A Bakas3, G Dougas2, T Lytras2, G Theocharopoulos2, D Chrysagis3, E Vassiliadou3, F Kamaria3, A Liona2, K Mellou2, G Saroglou2, T Panagiotopoulos2,4 1.       Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses, First Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece 2.       Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (KEELPNO), Athens, Greece 3.       Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece 4.       National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece Between early July and 22 August 2010, 81 cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease were reported in the region of Central Macedonia, northern Greece. The median age of cases was 70 years. Encephalitis, meningoencephalitis or aseptic meningitis occurred mainly in patients aged 50 years or older. This is the first time that West Nile virus (WNV) infection has been documented in humans in Greece. Enhanced surveillance and mosquito control measures have been implemented. Read More: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19644

Rabies Webinar: September 28, 2010 Learn about the important public health issue of rabies; including the successes and challenges to implementing effective rabies prevention and control strategies.    Sample Topics:   ·         Webinar #2: 9:50-9:55am (EST) The One Health Initiative - Global Clearinghouse for Activities Involving Rabies and Other Zoonoses (Dr. Jack Woodall, One Health Initiative website team member), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.) ·          Rabies Control in India-Challenges and Strategies (Dr S.R. Garg, College of Veterinary Science, Hisar) ·          Lessons Learned from Dog Vaccinations in Tanzania (Dr Katie Hampson, University of Glasgow) ·          Alliances for Rabies Elimination in the Americas (Luis Fernando Leanes, PAHO/PANAFTOSA)   There is no cost to attend the webinars but you will need to register for each webinar separately.  Register Here Or http://www.worldrabiesday.org/EN/Events/wrd-webinar.html      “Understanding Rabies” – Video Release In observance of World Rabies Day, the Global Alliance for Rabies Control is pleased to offer a seven segment video series entitled, Understanding Rabies. These short educational videos cover the following topics: What is Rabies?, What animals are most likely to be rabid?, Rabies symptoms, Rabies diagnosis, Preventing rabies, World Rabies Day and Rabies medical research.  We invite you to view our videos and share them as part of your outreach for World Rabies Day and beyond!   Watch the Videos: http://www.worldrabiesday.org/EN/media_center/videos.html   World Rabies Day eMedia Help spread the word about rabies prevention and World Rabies Day! Add a button to your Web site that shows what you are doing to stay rabies free and send a Health e-Card to let others know how they can help prevent rabies.   Visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention eMedia Site: http://www.cdc.gov/worldrabiesday/eMedia.html

Public release date: 16-Sep-2010Contact: Diana Yatesdiya@illinois.edu217-333-5802 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (USA)   Center integrates human, animal, environmental health CHAMPAIGN, lll. — The Center for One Health Illinois, established at the University of Illinois last year with a $250,000 grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, will receive another $500,000 in grants over several years from the USDA to pursue its mission of fostering collaborations and the free flow of information among those in the fields of medicine, public health, the environment and agriculture.     The center has three areas of engagement: educating a new cadre of cross-trained public health practitioners, working with public health agencies to improve disease surveillance, and fostering collaborative research.     In 2004, the College of Veterinary Medicine and the School of Public Health at the University of Illinois in Chicago established a joint degree program that allows students to complete a masters degree in public health concurrent with their studies for a doctorate in veterinary medicine. The DVM/MPH program has enrolled 33 students so far, four of whom have completed both degrees, and is part of a national trend that recognizes the interdependence of human and animal health.     A growing awareness of zoonotic diseases, which originate in animals but can spread to humans, has contributed to this trend. More than 60 percent of the 1,400 pathogens that affect people originate, or are amplified, in other animals.   Although many of these diseases must be reported to local and state health departments when humans are infected, veterinarians are not alerted to their occurrence, said John Herrmann, a professor of clinical veterinary medicine who directs the DVM/MPH program at Illinois. Similarly, veterinarians report outbreaks of many of the same diseases to agricultural officials, but those officials have no system for passing the information to public health agencies.     The state agriculture department and the state health department are only a few blocks from each other in Springfield, Herrmann said. But we still dont have an integrated surveillance system for sharing information.     Herrmann led the effort to create the Center for One Health Illinois, which is tackling this gap in surveillance by recruiting experts to build a system for sharing environmental and health data. Earlier this year the center brought potential partners together for a conference. Among the many ideas shared, participants discussed the barriers to quick and efficient data sharing.     An outcome of that discussion was the creation of a demonstration project to develop an integrated surveillance system. The project involves experts at the local health department, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at Illinois and the College of Veterinary Medicine.     The center also has funded a few small-scale research projects. These include an initiative aimed at comparing the ecological impacts of small and large dairy operations; a geographic and ecological analysis of rabies in bats in Illinois; a study of microbial contamination in relation to food establishments with and without health code violations in Champaign and Urbana; and a study of human and animal trichinella infections on small hog farms in Romania. The center seeks to fund new studies that integrate human, animal, agricultural and/or ecosystem health.     The USDA funding has allowed the center to also increase the public health exposure of our students, Herrmann said.     It funds externships for some DVM/MPH students at the national Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the USDA, the Food and Drug Administration and various other federal and state agencies. It also supplements course budgets so students can do more site visits and participate in outbreak investigations. For example, Herrmann recently took students to a poultry operation in northwest Illinois to do some environmental sampling. Other students traveled to Germany to visit and learn about a foreign animal disease facility and the German equivalent of our CDC, Herrmann said. In a world of increasing environmental pressures and burgeoning agricultural needs, Herrmann said, human communities can no longer afford to segregate their understanding of these influences on human health.     Many of the determinants and contributing factors to human health are environmental in nature, including how our food is produced, Herrmann said. So the safety of food and other consumer products is really important, as is the sustainability of those production systems. Emerging diseases, whether infectious or non-infectious, are also often associated with changes in our natural or built environment. We need to look at all these things, how theyre all interrelated.   ###   Editors note: To contact Dr. John Herrmann, e-mail jah1110@illinois.edu.     http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-09/uoia-cih091610.php

  Emerging Infectious Disease Leads to Rapid Population Declines of Common British Birds. PLoS ONE 5(8): e12215. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012215 Robinson RA, Lawson B, Toms MP, Peck KM, Kirkwood JK, et al. (2010) ABSTRACT: Emerging infectious diseases are increasingly cited as threats to wildlife, livestock and humans alike. They can threaten geographically isolated or critically endangered wildlife populations; however, relatively few studies have clearly demonstrated the extent to which emerging diseases can impact populations of common wildlife species. Here, we report the impact of an emerging protozoal disease on British populations of greenfinch Carduelis chloris and chaffinch Fringilla coelebs, two of the most common birds in Britain. Morphological and molecular analyses showed this to be due to Trichomonas gallinae. Trichomonosis emerged as a novel fatal disease of finches in Britain in 2005 and rapidly became epidemic within greenfinch, and to a lesser extent chaffinch, populations in 2006. By 2007, breeding populations of greenfinches and chaffinches in the geographic region of highest disease incidence had decreased by 35% and 21% respectively, representing mortality in excess of half a million birds. In contrast, declines were less pronounced or absent in these species in regions where the disease was found in intermediate or low incidence. Also, populations of dunnock Prunella modularis, which similarly feeds in gardens, but in which T. gallinae was rarely recorded, did not decline. This is the first trichomonosis epidemic reported in the scientific literature to negatively impact populations of free-ranging non-columbiform species, and such levels of mortality and decline due to an emerging infectious disease are unprecedented in British wild bird populations. This disease emergence event demonstrates the potential for a protozoan parasite to jump avian host taxonomic groups with dramatic effect over a short time period. Read more: http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0012215

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 33, 19 August 2010   Surveillance and outbreak reports   Value of syndromic surveillance in monitoring a focal waterborne outbreak due to an unusual Cryptosporidium genotype in Northamptonshire, United Kingdom, June - July 2008   http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19643   S Smith 1, A J Elliot1, C Mallaghan2, D Modha3, J Hippisley-Cox4, S Large5, M Regan6, G E Smith1  

Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 33, 19 August 2010 Surveillance and outbreak reports   Laboratory-based surveillance for Cryptosporidium in France, 2006–2009     http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19642  

One Health Brochure Available via PDF Attached   Features two informative One Health articles:   ·                          “One Health Initiative Interview” with Laura H. Kahn, MD, MPH, MPP ·                          Feature and Interview with The Jenner Vaccine Foundation Leaders – “Rethinking vaccination”   Published in International Innovation: June 2010 Healthcare Issue   Please see the link below…  http://www.research-europe.com/index.php/2010/07/dr-laura-kahn-on-the-one-health-initiative/   Note: The entire magazine may also be viewed via the following link  http://www.research-europe.com/magazine/HEALTHCARE/JUN10/pageflip.html   You may register on the Research Media website to gain full access to the entire publication, this is free and quick with your registration being approved within 24 hours.   “International Innovation is the leading global dissemination resource for the wider scientific, technology and research communities. Produced under four titles, each title serves a key scientific area that is of particular relevance in today’s global environment.” Click the link below to complete the online form to subscribe to the printed magazine.Research Media Subscription Form or http://www.research-europe.com/subscribe.php

Bovine Veterinarian - 8/13/2010 Conventional Beef Is Sustainable Beef   Beef animals from conventional feedlots that use growth-enhancing technologies and grain-based rations are three times more land-efficient than grass-fed or organic animals, an Iowa State University study found. An analysis using data from 2007 also indicated that discontinuing the use of growth-enhancing technologies would lead to an 18% reduction in U.S. beef production.   Read more: http://www.bovinevetonline.com/newsCN.asp?contentid=1206246                                              • The world population is estimated to reach 9 billion by the middle of the 21st century.• The global demand for food will double by 2050 and there will continue to be increased per-capita demand for beef and other high-quality animal protein.• Worldwide, we have a limited land area on which to produce food, feed and fiber.• It is critical that we continue to conserve natural and biodiverse natural habitats.

Commentary Paleoclimate and bubonic plague: a forewarning of future risk? Anthony J McMichael National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Building 62, Mills Road, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia BMC Biology 010, 8:108doi:10.1186/1741-7007-8-108 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/108  Received: 23 August 2010 Accepted: 25 August 2010 Published: 27 August 2010 © 2010 McMichael; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Pandemics of bubonic plague have occurred in Eurasia since the sixth century AD. Climatic variations in Central Asia affect the population size and activity of the plague bacteriums reservoir rodent species, influencing the probability of human infection. Using innovative time-series analysis of surrogate climate records spanning 1,500 years, a study in BMC Biology concludes that climatic fluctuations may have influenced these pandemics. This has potential implications for health risks from future climate change. See research article http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/8/112 webcite